Every structure that enters the ground should be waterproofed. If the structure is located in a place with a high water table, waterproofing is not only necessary, but it must be of excellent quality.
What is a water table? The water table is the point between the two zones at which the ground becomes completely saturated. It forms the upper limit of deposits of groundwater, and can go up or down based on a number of factors. Every time it rains, for example, water trickles down through layers of soil and raises its water table. Runoff from lakes, rivers, and streams also contribute, along with melting snow. The rock around the water table must be porous so that it can be saturated with water. Impermeable rock such as granite, cannot collect water.
The level of a water table can fluctuate depending upon environmental conditions as well. Seasonal dryness and tidal changes, as well as human interaction can also have an impact. A drought for example, can cause it to drop significantly, and heavy rains can cause it to raise.
Many wet basement issues occur when the structure is located in a place with a high water table. A high water increases hydrostatic pressure on the floor and walls of your basement, making it susceptible to leaks. If left like this, it can even lead to serious foundation issues.
Try not to worry too much though! You can still have a dry basement and a healthy foundation if you live in an area with a high water table.
